Common bile duct exploration: experiences and a study (Paperback)

Choledocholithiasis is the presence of stone in the common bile duct . Various diagnostic modalities to support our diagnosis includes Ultrasonography, Computerized tomography scan, Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, Magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography. The treatment options include open choledocholithotomy, laparoscopic technique, Common Bile Duct closure with T tube, Primary closure of Common Bile Duct, Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-pancreatography.The traditional indications for common bile duct exploration resulted in a large number of unnecessary manipulations of bile ducts, with the advent of newer modalities like laparoscopic exploration and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-pancreatography [ERCP], which clearly demonstrates better surgical outcome in most of the patients.