A fern is any one of a group of about 12,000 species of plants. Unlike mosses they have xylem and phloem (making them vascular plants). They have stems, leaves, and roots like other vascular plants. Ferns do not have either seeds or flowers (they reproduce via spores) Hardy ferns grow best in moist, shady locations with soil high in organic matter. Their varied forms, sizes, and textures add interest to the garden. Like most ferns, this one grows best in fertile, moist soil where there is a generous amount of humus in the soil. It grows in a wide range of light from shade to full sunlight during the morning and late afternoon hours. Cut back old fronds in mid winter and fertilize just before new growth begins in late winter through early spring. Once established this fern spreads and makes a nice ground cover in shaded gardens. Also does well growing in containers like hanging baskets.
